Edward Leedskalnin's Perpetual Motion Holder (PMH). I originally built this device in May of 2002 as a research project for a class on the History of Science and Technology to demonstrate the feasibility of perpetual motion. The professor was impressed and made a good attempt at an explanation as so many have since.
Researchers continue to be interested in this device because it defies a few natural laws of physics and is unexplainable by conventionally excepted electromagnetic theory, which we know is based on J.J. Thomson's theory of the electron.
Leedskalnin included construction details for the Perpetual Motion Holder in his book, Magnetic Current. Magnetic Current provides instructions for experiments ultimately proving that electricity is in fact, what Leedskalnin describes as two currents that move forward with a right hand twist. And that the base of these two currents are the individual North and South Pole magnet. This can be realized with a few simple experiments. The project was originally featured here: http://www.keelynet.com/energy/emery.htm.
Physicists at the University expressed interest in viewing the perpetual motion demonstration and were willing to listen to my interpretation of Leedskalnin's description--that he's describing two currents circulating in a DNA like fashion. However, an explanation without proof of concept, despite the anomaly, will raise the eyebrow of even the most open minded. This site now features that proof of concept as a follow up to the original article on Keelynet and is the results of my ongoing research based on the writings of Edward Leedskalnin.
Magnetic Beam Amplifier/ Magnetic Monopole. neodymium, brass, nickle, stainless, copper. Variation of Lockheed Martin patent #5,929,732.
If you found this information useful and feel like contributing? Donate $30.00 and recieve copies of all Leedskalinin's original writings: Magnetic Current, Magnetic Base, Cosmic Force, Sound Base, A Book In Every Home. Donate $50 and recieve the writings and t-shirt. Please specify size.
What is offered here is a base of understanding to a simple unified field theory of everything. Everything discussed will either be demonstrated or verifiable. Challenge yourself to do these and Leedskalnin’s experiments and see for yourself.
The Perpetual Motion Holder is primarily a teaching device but it has many functions including an electromagnet, this is easy enough to see; it is a generator—spin a magnet between the coils it will generate electricity; it’s a transformer; it demonstrates how permanent magnets are made, and is a holder of perpetual motion. The latter will be demonstrated now because it is important for you to see it defy some of the most basic laws of physics and a few, more sophisticated laws of modern EM theory. In the least, this experiment should generate questions for even the most well versed scholar of modern theory. Admittedly, the intention is in part is to show weakness in the current excepted views on the nature of the universe and to challenge J.J. Thomson's invention of the electron.
Leedskalnin never describes what the individual North and South pole magnet looks like, but before I do, let me first tell you about Rosalind Franklin. The results of her work are hailed as the greatest discovery in all of science--a discovery that is now considered the blueprint for all life on Earth. In 1951 Rosalind Franklin discovered the structure of DNA using a technique called x-ray crystallography or x-ray diffraction. Crystallographers shoot x-rays at atoms and they diffract onto a detector. Based on the diffraction pattern scientists can apply math and calculate the 3-D pattern of the most complex crystalline structures of matter. It is a very effective technique still used today. This is the technique used by Rosalind Franklin to discover that the structure of DNA is in the shape of an anti-parallel double-helix. This same diffraction pattern can be realized from the simple experiment highlighted in the video below demonstrating magnetic diffraction.
The same results can also be realized when hanging the magnets above the Perpetual Motion Holder. The same conclusion can be drawn from this diffraction pattern. The same magnets that are running in the wire and in the coil are running in the Perpetual Motion Holder. Leedskalnin tells us that the individual magnets are moving at a very high rate of speed and are thrown off of the wire through centrifugal force and overcrowding, and this can also be demonstrated with the PMH. The PMH is a completed circuit that allows the individual magnets to assimilate into two currents and chase each other, orbiting in opposition to each other indefinitely--not going around one another, but through one another. If you put one kind of magnet in front of the other in a circuit they will never stop. This same diffraction pattern is demonstrated with the hanging magnets above the wire and above the PMH showing beyond a doubt that the current circulating in the PMH is the same that is in the wire and can only be 2 currents that, again, whirl forward—and they will always work to go forward—in a right hand twist. Both individual magnetic currents are in the shape of a helix. The individual magnets themselves are in the shape of a helix and they are identical; they are in fact interchangeable; with their only difference being dependant upon the direction to which they are moving forward. One becomes two. The essence of any true duality has no choice but to be a singularity.
Even experienced Leedskalnin researchers may question my assertion that the individual North or South Pole magnet are one in the same and interchangeable with each other (one becomes two) but I can assure you it is consistent with every aspect of Leedskalnin’s writings and the more you read them the more this will come clear. It will be demonstrated in the video below. Leedskalnin writes,
You have read that to make a South Pole in a coil end that is pointing to you, you will have to run positive electricity in the coil in clockwise direction. I can tell you that the positive electricity has nothing to do with making a South magnet pole in the coil. Each pole South or North is made by their own magnets in the way they are running in the wire.
To make magnets with currents from batteries and dynamos with a single wire the metal will have to be put on the wire in such a way so that the magnets which are coming out of the wire will be running in the metal starting form the middle of the metal and run to the end and not from end to middle and across a they did the last time.
In a car battery the North Pole magnets run out of positive terminal and South Pole magnets run out of negative terminal. Both kinds of magnets are running, one kind of magnets against the other kind, and are running in the same right-hand screw fashion. By using the same whirling motion and running one kind of magnets against the other kind, they throw their own magnets form the wire in opposite directions. That is why if you put a magnet metal across the copper wire the one end is North Pole and the other end is South Pole.
Break five inches long piece of the fishing line [steel], put the middle of the wire across and on top of the copper wire, touch the battery, hold until the copper wire gets hot, dip the middle of the wire in iron filings, then you will see how long a magnet can be made with this equipment.
The coil is not necessary to make magnetic currents. Currents can be created with a single wire. The coil is necessary to increase the amount and strength of the currents.
In order for magnets to be attracted to one another they must be in front of one another and going toward each other. If these same magnets are in front of one another and going the same direction they are not attracted to one another because they would have the same polarity—after viewing the video below test it for yourself by putting two right hand spirals on a wooden rod. Move the one in the rear forward until it hits the one in front of it. Turn it slowly while moving forward. They will not engage one another, but will rather line up and you can turn the one front by turning the one in back. These same magnets are not attracted to one another if they are side by side, even if they are moving in opposite directions. We’ve already established that if they are moving in the same direction they are the same polarity.
More magnets, more power. To run in currents, there always has to be one current running in opposition to the other. This will be demonstrated in more detail later on. For now, take for instance the AA battery I used to charge the Perpetual Motion Holder. Each end of the battery has pushing power and when the circuit is complete they are allowed to run against each other where they attain pulling power along with their pushing power. This very interesting because the more tension between the two, the harder they work to move forward—because that is what they do—they want to move forward as fast as possible. By running against each other in opposite directions with a right hand twist their speed and power is increased. If the currents are running, moving against each other, spiraling in a anti-parallel double helical fashion, when the magnets get to the end of one another they must switch direction (polarity) so they can continue to move forward against each other with the right hand twist (see video below for clarification). This is AC or alternating current and the reason why currents are alternating in nature as Leedskalnin tells us. This is why direct current is actually alternating current when in a completed circuit, why it reads AC on the meters when you test the PMH, and this is how you use the PMH to transform Ed’s magnetic current (which is simply DC) into alternating current by running it through the PMH. Leedskalnin tells us this is how a transformer works. By putting two coils on the PMH and applying DC to one of the coils, the output on the opposite coil is AC (test this yourself), but this is natural AC (life giving) and it has a unique sensation to the touch. The AC coming from the transformer outside of your house is AC before it hits the transformer so the poles inside transformer alternate. The PMH produces AC but its poles do not alternate. We've already begun to establish the inner workings of AC in nature, but to get a better understanding view the video below. Leedskalnin tells us that the action of natural AC is already taking place in the power lines before manmade AC is ran through them—that the power lines themselves are acting like generators. He states: “Now about the generator, in the first place all currents are alternating. To get direct currents we have to use a commutator” (Magnetic Current). By using the copper wire in magnetic diffraction experiment is the easiest way to demonstrate how to commutate alternating currents into direct currents. Simply lay a piece of steel wire perpendicularly across the copper wire and again we will have direct currents, but they are moving in opposite directions. We’ve already seen that the magnets are being thrown off the copper wire in opposite directions and we know they would much rather move forward in metal than in air. Leedskalnin concretizes this point when he teaches us:
Individual North and South Pole Magnet: How One Becomes Two (Electromagnetic Polarity Interchange)
Perpetual Motion
Individual magnets and magnetic currents permeate the universe. They are the Aether. They like to assimilate, will interchange themselves if necessary if they have the energy to do so to continue moving forward against each other, and can be converted by a stronger opposing magnet. This can be proven in many different ways as Leedskalnin teaches. The spring or helical shape allows the magnets and magnetic currents to compress (amperage--bigger wire, more amperage because of more magnets), expand or elongate (voltage--smaller wire, more voltage because of less magnets under more tension), vary in speed, etc. The characterizes of the magnetic interactions described herein correlate nicely with Modern EM terminology and most of the mathematics behind modern theory should easily apply.
4/5/2008 Update: The mathematics behind modern electromagnetic theory may have been originally intended to explain the dynamics postulated on this website. In his paper entitled, "The Double Helix Theory of the Magnetic Field (An interpretation of Maxwell's 1861 paper 'On Physical Lines of Force' parts I to III)", Frederick David Tombe, proposes an improvement to the understanding of Maxwell's paper by replacing the vortex cells sited in Maxwell's theory, with rotating electron positron dipoles, which bond together to form a double helical electromagnetic dynamic that is described in terms identical to what is demonstrated here (derived solely from the writings of Edward Leedskalnin and revealed by the magnetic diffraction experiment video above). Mr. Tombe has granted permission to make his theory available for download here, however by know means has verified or vetted anything presented on this website.
Mr. Tombe was formerly a physics instructor at, College of Technology Belfast, and Royal Belfast Academical Institution. His paper was originally submitted on February 15th, 2006, in the Philippine Islands..
7/8/2008 Update: link above now features Tombe's 15th June 2008 amended version
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Aside from what has already been mentioned, the magnetic interaction proposed by this theory and based on Ed Leedskalnin’s detailed experimentation, effectively demonstrates how permanent magnets are made, which is the bonding mechanism for the PMH and the Earth; more importantly, and according to Leedskalnin, the atom as well. Leedskalnin tells us that like the Earth there has to be a common core for an atom to replicate itself whether animal, mineral or vegetable and also because these things are part of the Earth. To realize how Leedskalnin is illustrating the common core concept, it is important to construct the PMH with square rod so that it can be laid horizontally on one of the prongs without any coils and with the North Pole perpendicular to the ground. There are still 3 remaining faces on the top 6” bar that can be utilized to help illustrate the common core concept representing the Earth, and Atom. Perhaps we can get away with adding into the mix of things that function with the common core concept--the Sun, black holes, and maybe even the universe itself. Picture 3 more U’s butted up to the top 6” bar (Concept Copyright 2008, Matt Emery). Only one coil on the 6” bar is necessary in this arrangement to demonstrate the bonding mechanism, driving, life-giving universal force generated by the anti-parallel double helical electromagnetic interaction of the individual North and South Pole magnet. In the least, over 100lbs of steel will be bonded indefinitely with a charge not much greater than what is used in the first video demonstration.
Edward Leedskalnin never used the term double helix, and he certainly didn't use the term anti-parallel double helix when describing the interactions between these two currents made up of individual North and South Pole magnets. But he did give a vivid description, proved it in multiple ways with experimentation, showed people how teach themselves; yet only a few seemed to get it.
Again, Ed Leedskalnin never did say anti-parallel double helix, but he did say this: he writes, “Magnetic current is the same as electric current is a wrong expression. Really it is not one current they are two currents, one current is composed of North Pole individual magnets in concentrated streams, and the other is composed of South Pole magnets in concentrated streams, and they are running one stream against the other stream in whirling, screw like fashion, and with high speed. One current alone if it be North Pole magnet current or South Pole magnet current it cannot run alone. To run one current will have to run against the other” (Magnetic Current).
Leedskalnin wrote these words 6 years before Rosalind Franklin realized the structure of DNA was in the shape of an anti-parallel double helix. He called his discovery the Cosmic Force, the force behind all life in the universe. This was 17 years before Crick, Watson, and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize for the DNA model they made using Rosalind Franklin’s DNA diffraction pattern data. She died shortly after making her discovery and well before these guys were awarded the Noble Prize. She never knew her work ultimately would win the Noble Prize, but she probably did know that Oswald Avery had already shown that genetic characteristics could be transferred from one organism to another and that DNA was the vehicle of that transformation. And the genetic material. She may have considered that by unzipping or unraveling the DNA anti-parallel double helix that there would then be templates for two new helixes and considering what Leedskalnin teaches about what may be a more accurate atomic structure--having polarity and a common core--recognizing a correlation is effortless.
Ed Leedskalnin insists that the North and South Pole magnets are the building blocks—that they are so small they can pass through anything. But that doesn't mean their laws have to fall in the realm of quantum mechanics. X-ray diffraction reveals the true structure of the things. The magnetic diffraction experiment reveals the true structure of electricity. This magnetic diffraction experiment demonstrated in the video is DC current being alternated by hand with a switch, because this is essentially how we make manmade AC. Someone please correct me if I am wrong, but I believe Tesla already proved this concept. Those magnets are opposite in polarity all the way down that copper wire and clearly diffract equally. The means definitively that that the base of electricity is composed of two equal and opposite North and South pole magnetic forces—what is being thrown off of that wire in one direction has an opposing polarity to what is being thrown off in the opposite direction—it is undeniable. If I was able to flip that switch back and forth sixty times a second, how much do you think those hanging magnets would diffract?
Many experienced Leedskalnin researchers feel Ed sometimes gets a bit ornery with his wordplay. He writes,
Thomson invented an imaginary baby and called it an electron.
Rutherford adopted it and now the men with the long hair are nursing it.
The electron has a brother and its name is proton, but it is heavy and lazy.
It remains stationary in the middle, but the electron has to run around it.
This diagram demonstrates the common core concept (the bar in the middle is the common core, which is where the only coil goes) to aid in the understanding of the bonding mechanism for the Earth, Atom, Sun, Black Holes, and perhaps the Universe itself--essentially all things made up of matter. In this diagram there are still two remaining faces left on the 6 " bar in the middle to incorporate, in this particular arrangement, two additional PMH's. I am still in the process of machining 3 additional PMH's for a working depicition of the abovementioned.
His point it seems, however, is that all of humanity has been deceived because of the egos of men. Leedskalnin goes on to talk about how the electron came into existence and how it was invented. He explains in detail how the Thomson experiment was flawed. Ask yourself this: is there an experiment that exists today that can prove the existence of an electron?
When we talk about the electron, were talking about something that is not considered small enough to even go through glass. Even a particle of sunlight can go through glass. If it can’t be small enough to go through glass, there is no possible way it can be a building block. Perhaps this absurdity gives Ed the right to poke fun at J.J.'s theory?
Leedskalnin tells us that the individual North and South pole magnets, combined with neutral particles of matter, are the three things in the universe needed to construct and deconstruct all of the elements—the perpetual transformation of matter. He also tells us that here on Earth, tomorrow's neutral particles of matter are today's sunlight.
Here is what Leedskalnin says about J.J. Thomson’s electron discovery and I would encourage everyone to do your own research on J.J. Leedskalnin explains:
The invention of an electron came by a tricky method in using electricity in a vacuum tube. Normally whether it be a generator or a batter, the positive terminal will have to be connected to the negative terminal, but in the vacuum tube two batteries with different strength were used, the smaller battery was connected normally, but the larger battery’s negative terminal was connected to the smaller battery’s negative terminal, and the positive terminal was left alone. That connection gave the negative terminal a double dose of strength, and so it became hotter and could push more. It was called cathode and the positive terminal anode, and the electricity that passed from the cathode to the anode was called electrons.
In case the inventor had used normally direct methods to find out what the electricity was he would have found out that the positive and negative electricity is equal in strength, and are running positive electricity against the negative electricity. That can be seen by connecting each of two pieces of soft iron wire with each terminal of a car battery. More sparks can be seen coming out of the positive terminal than from the negative terminal. This direct method is more reliable than the tricky method in the vacuum tube. The trouble with the physicists is they use indirect and ultra-indirect methods to come to their conclusions.
If the inventor of the electrons had a vacuum tube in which his electrons could run close to the top of the vacuum tube from the west side of the cathode to the east side of the anode and then would hand a vertically hanging magnet that is made from three-inch long hard steel fishing wire, and then hang one magnet pole at one time right on top in the middle of his stream of electrons, then he would have seen the north pole magnet swinging north, and the south pole magnet swinging south. The same thing will happen if the magnets are held above any wire where the electricity is running through. Those two vertically hanging magnets prove that the electricity is composed of two different and equal forces. Another way to prove this is to connect a flexible wire loop east end of the wire with positive battery’s terminal, west end with negative terminal, raise the loop one inch above the floor. Put U shape magnet on inch form loop, north pole south side of the loop. The north pole magnet will pull in the loop. Put the south pole magnet in the same place. It will push the loop away.
Cosmic Force (original text containing parenthetic interjections)
Here is additional information for those who read my advertisement in The Miami Daily News, February 3rd, 1946. The North and South pole individual magnets are the cosmic force. They are the building blocks of nature's perpetual transformation of matter, and they are so small that they can pass through everything,. They pass through the earth from pole to pole, and around the earth. If the North and South pole individual magnets could not pass through a vacuum tube the same as the Thomson's electrons cannot, then they could not be the building blocks. The Thomson electrons are very small parts of matter which come out of the cathode while the cathode is burned up or consumed in the vacuum tube. Without the general circulation of the building blocks there would be no change. Everything would remain the same way as it is now. The building blocks from a matter that go to pieces could not get in the general circulation for the new construction (When an atom's cycle is over the things (magnets) that are holding it together go somewhere else to hold something else together and they are indestructible, however Leedskalnin does say--indestructible, in general. Nonetheless, perhaps the folks at CERN could find an alternative use for their atom smasher as these things seem to have characteristics very similar to memory metal).
I think the Radium and Uranium were built up inside the earth with high pressure, and heat, while the North and South pole individual magnets were circulating through the earth. During the time the Radium and Uranium were inside the earth they absorbed more of the individual North and South pole magnets than they normally could hold, and so now while they are on top of the earth they let the magnets go so they can become normal again. <Remember the PMH demonstration with the helixes on the ring and that they were too long? When experimenting with the Perpetual Motion Holder it is easy to recognize the saturation point when charging the device with a larger battery or something like a 6 amp car charger. One wonders what something like a 100amp charge would do. Analyzing how the helixes interact when moving forward in opposition, one may conclude that this creates an electrostatic state. And when either end of the current passes through the electrostatic state (and is again a single helix) it would then emit it's excess energy (centrifugal force and overcrowding) magnetically rather than what occurs in the electrostatic condition (when the opposing magnet is present and both are rotating at a much higher rate of speed). This concept may demonstrate the rotating magnetic/electrostatic field concept. View the video again and keep that perspective in mind--the correlation is natural. The Perpetual Motion Holder demonstration may ultimately prove to be effective when discussing what Ed is describing above--radioactivity. The PMH, from the video demonstration, in it's current condition, is at it's absolute maximum capacity when the individual N and S pole currents are not yet in the electrostatic phase (double helical interaction state as described). Capacity must be prior to the double helical interaction phase and only in magnetic phase (prior to currents running in opposition) otherwise they are chasing the same kind of magnet (traveling in the same direction and thus having the same polarity). The absolute minimum capacity would be one individual North Pole magnet and one individual South Pole magnet [because we've already established: 1. They always work to move forward with a right hand twist 2. Will work to move forward in opposition {because by running against each other they move forward with more force (right hand twist may also aid in positioning for opposing alignment)} 3. They would much rather work to move forward in metal than in air. 4. Given 1.,2.,3., when made to move forward in an orbit like that of the PMH they will do so indefinitely (remember what it took to charge the PMH). {note: causal laws parenthetically stated as there is only one official law (Lex parsimoniae--individual magnets always work to move forward with a right hand twist)}]. Leedskalnin may be telling us that radioactivity is a condition created when there is an extreme amount of heat and pressure that allows the circulating (in orbit around a common core) North and South pole magnets to fill up into a completely electrostatic state (complete double helical interaction). Consider the abovementioned description of the action taking place inside the transformer that is outside of your house. It could also be perceived that hard steel permanent magnets are made to have an abnormal condition not dissimilar to that of Leedskalnin's consideration of how Uranium was created. Although, considering Leedskalnin's explanation below of how permanent magnets are made, and considering the compressibility of the spring, aside from there being more room for more magnets there would then be added potential energy that is released in the form of expansion when forced out of the metal by incoming magnets. (Experiment with plastic notebook helixes that when you move them forward they have a right hand twist to gain insight and please contact me if you have any thoughts on this subject)>.
Keep in mind the common core concept when considering this aspect of the Anti-Parallel Double Helical Electromagnetic Interaction Theory
Dave Nelson's Commentary on Leedskalnin
Ed's Generator
Countdown to 2012
Gravitation
Disclaimer and Limits of Liability
The demonstrations and procedures described within this website are derived from the research and personal experiences of the author. The author is not responsible for any negative or adverse effects or consequences from the use of anything suggested, demonstrated, or discussed on this site.
"Spring" is an old word, and appears in many Germanic languages with a meaning like "to jump" or "to run". About two thousand (2000) years ago, the basic Germanic form was "spreng-" and by about one thousand (1000) years ago, when Old English was spoken, the word had changed to "spryng" or "spring" and has not changed significantly since then! However, the word "spring" was only began to be used to name the season following Winter in the 1500s (about five hundred (500) years ago). People had been using expressions like "spring of the leaf" and "spring time of the year" to describe the new growth of this season, and it seems likely that the season name "Spring" was formed from such expressions.
So what did people call this season before they called it "Spring"? In fact, the common Old English word naming the season following winter was "lencten", "lengten" or "lenten". This word is related to our word "long", perhaps coming from a Germanic form something like "langiton" used about two thousand (2000) years ago. Possibly, the word was used for the season following Winter because this was the time when the Sun's path was noticeably higher in the sky and the time of daylight lengthened--you can see how similar the modern English word "lengthen" is to the Old English word "lengten"! This word survives in our Modern English "Lenten" or "Lent". This word is now most commonly associated with the Christian Lent holidays which take place in the Spring. Lenten originally was just the season name, however, and only began acquiring its Christian associations after the Anglo-Saxons (which is the name we give to the Germanic inhabitants of England who spoke Old English between about 600 and 1100 CE) were converted to Christianity. In fact, the earliest use of it in a Christian context is from around 1020 CE.
English is the only Germanic language in which a word related to "Lenten" has a Christian religious association. It was used as a common name for the Spring season which followed Winter in several other West Germanic languages: Middle Dutch "lentin" and Old High German "lengizin/lenzin". Middle Low German and Modern Dutch "lente" are closely related forms also.
However, the various modern Germanic languages use a wide variety of words for the season "Spring", many of which are related neither to "Spring" nor "Lenten"--for example, modern High German "Frühling" and Swedish "vår". This much variation in names for the same season is very surprising when compared to words for Summer or Winter, most of which are nearly the same in the Germanic languages. This suggests that the season we call Spring may not have been as important as Summer or Winter. In fact, some old Germanic cultures only counted two seasons in the year--Summer and Winter--and didn't count Spring or Fall at all.
Another thing, you have been wondering how a U shape permanent magnet can keep its normal strength indefinitely. You know the soft iron does not hold magnets, but you already have one that holds it. It is the perpeutual motion holder. It illustrates the principle how permanent magnets are made. All that has to be done is start the magnets to run in an orbit, then they will never stop. Hard steel U shape magnets have a broken orbit, but under proper conditions it is permanent. I think the structure of the metal is the answer. I have two U shape magnets. They look alike, but one is a little harder than the other. The harder one can lift three pounds more than the softer one. I have been tempering the other steel magnets, and have noticed that the harder the steel gets the smaller it becomes. That shows that the metal is more packed and has less holes in it so the magnets cannot pass through it in full speed, so they dam up in the prong ends. They come in faster than they can get out (Magnetic Current).
Gravitation must be caused by the matter in the middle of the earth, and more concentrated than Uranium. When Uranium atoms burst they release the North and South pole individual magnets that held the atom together, then the magnets scatter all around, they can only pass from the middle to the outside. When the North and South pole magnets are running alongside each other and in the same direction, they have no attraction for the other kind. They only attract if they are running one kind against the other kind. When the magnets are running out of the middle of the earth, as soon as they meet an object they attract it, on account of the fact that in any object there is both kinds of magnets in it. It can be seen by rubbing hard rubber or glass until they get hot., then they will attract sand, iron filings, salt, and other things. To see how it functions, move a salt crystal a little, if it happens to get on a different magnet pole, then it will jump away. Another way is to rub hard rubber until it gets hot, then it will be a temporary magnet. The difference between the rubber magnet and the steel magnet is both North and South poles are in the same side of the rubber and the magnet poles are small and there are many of them close together, but the surplus magnets in the circulating magnet that was put in it. Attract the iron filings with the rubber magnet, then approach with the steel magnet, Change the poles, then you will see some of the filings jump away. This means the steel magnet changed the magnet poles in the iron filings, and so they jumped away.
Theory of Anti-Parallel Double Helical Electromagnetic Interaction (Magnetic Spring Theory): North and South Pole individual magnets work to move forward with right hand twist.
Theory of Electromagnetic Polarity Interchange:
The polarity of the individual North and South Pole magnet is determined by the direction it is working to move forward
South Pole Individual Magnet ≈ Electron
North Pole Magnet ≈ Proton
South Pole Magnet = negative (-)
North Pole Magnet = positive (+)
Individual North and South Pole magnets must be in front of one another to be attracted to one another
Individual North and South Pole magnets must be moving towards one other to be attracted to one another
Individual North and South Pole magnets are not attracted to one another if they are moving in the same direction
Individual North and South Pole magnets are not attracted to one another if they are side by side
The natural path of the South Pole Magnets is to go up in the Northern Hemisphere
The natural path of the North Pole Magnets is to go up in the Southern Hemisphere
